Slaves to Armok: God of Blood, Chapter II: Dwarf Fortress

The Manual: Dwarven Justice

How to Get Here

If you have a sheriff or captain of the guard, press z from the main view, scroll to "Justice" and press ENTER.

Description

Here you can view a list of all of the fortress's criminals. Use 8 2 9 3 to scroll.
At the top right, you can see a list of how many justice buildings you have. These are cages and chains that have the justice status turned on.
Rooms (More on Cages and Chains Here)

For each criminal, you'll see a list of crimes, and possibly a sentence and an assigned officer.
Possible punishments include incarceration in a justice building, being beaten or receiving a fixed number of strokes from the hammer.

Dwarven Justice and You

Many crimes are committed by dwarves throwing tantrums. However, crimes can occur when you break a mandate. When a mandate is broken, the offended noble blames a related dwarf. So if you fail to make metal goods, a metalsmith is charged with violation of a production order. If you export a prohibited item, the dwarf that brought it to the trade depot is charged.
Dwarven justice can be very harsh, especially if the offended noble has a high rank. It is therefore very important to obey mandates given out by the nobles, lest your prized metalsmith be subjected to five hammerstrikes.

The Hammerer

Hammering is the ultimate form of dwarven punishment. The criminal is brought to a justice chain by the Hammerer and restrained. The location of the hammerstrikes is calculated by the Hammerer, determined by an ancient formula. Dwarves do not gather and spectate at such events.
Given such a sentence, death is not uncommon. The Hammerer is not swayed by the pleas of a friend or even his or her own spouse at the time of the punishment, although the Hammerer is not immune to later anguish and can sink into bitter depression.
Particularly egregious crimes are punished by execution. Typically, an execution is a sentence of 50 to 100 hammerstrikes. If the condemned dwarf somehow survives, no further punishment is carried out and the dwarf can rejoin society to the extent that they are able.
This is never known to have occurred.